What indicates a severe airway obstruction in an adult?

A severe airway obstruction in an adult is indicated when the victim is unconscious and unable to breathe. In such cases, there is a significant blockage in the airway that impedes airflow, leading to a critical situation where the person cannot get adequate oxygen. This lack of airflow can quickly lead to unconsciousness due to a failure to receive necessary oxygen for the brain and other vital organs.

In contrast, when a victim is still able to cough or speak, or when they are conscious but breathing rapidly, these are typically signs that they still have some level of airflow and are not experiencing a complete blockage. A calm appearance can also suggest that the airway is not severely obstructed since panic often accompanies life-threatening situations. Therefore, the inability to breathe, combined with unconsciousness, distinctly identifies a severe airway obstruction requiring immediate intervention.